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Colitis is inflammation of the colon. Types of colitis include infective colitis, or that due to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD includes ulcerative colitis, that always affects the rectum as well as the colon with confluent disease, and colitis due to Crohn’s disease that can affect any part of the colon, often with healthy intervening bowel, and not always involving the rectum. Eosinophilic colitis, colitis and microscopic colitis, are milder, often self-limiting colitis that probably has an autoimmune mechanism.